VGF peptides in human plasma.

VGF peptides were studied at fasting (0’), and upon an oral glucose tolerance test (120’). Euglycemic and newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic subjects (T2D) were subdivided in: normal weight, overweight and obese. Normal weight, fasting euglycemic patients showed significantly higher TLQP and NAPPE immunoreactive peptide/s vs. the corresponding obese subjects (first set of bars in each panel), as well as vs. normal weight diabetics (NAPPE peptide/s only, third vs. first set of bars). Upon the glucose load, VGF C-terminus, TLQP and ERVW peptide/s were stimulated in euglycemic normal weight subjects, but not in the other body weight groups (second vs. first set of bars), nor in diabetic patients (fourth vs. third set of bars). VGF C-term: VGF C-terminus peptide/s, ERVW refers to the C-terminally directed assay used for QQET-30 like peptide/s (see Table 1); means±SEM, * = P<0.03.