Forest Plot Monitoring Dataset

This dataset includes all diameter at breast height (DBH) measurements and tree-ring data collected from forest monitoring plots in the western Tianshan Mountains. These data were used to reconstruct the historical DBH of all trees within the plots. The dataset integrates dendrochronological observations with allometric biomass estimation to derive a 30-year (1990–2020) time series of aboveground and belowground forest biomass. Tree-ring width series were used to reconstruct the historical diameter at breast height (DBH) of sampled Picea schrenkiana trees. Annual radial increments were converted to historical DBH values for each tree. Root, stem, and foliage biomass were then estimated from reconstructed DBH using species-specific allometric equations. For each plot, annual total biomass was computed as the sum of root, stem, branch, and foliage biomass across all trees. The resulting dataset includes plot-level annual mean dry biomass, mean root biomass, and mean branch and foliage biomass for the period 1990–2020. To support model calibration, these reconstructed biomass data were integrated with additional field and environmental measurements, including stand density, forest age, meteorological variables, and soil physicochemical properties. All field data were collected during field surveys conducted in July 2021. The dataset originates from long-term continuous monitoring in five permanent sample plots, and provides robust empirical constraints for parameterization and evaluation of the process-based forest growth model.