Multi-platform satellite-derived products during the 2025 Etna eruption

Earth Observation data are playing an increasingly central role in volcanology, enabling high-resolution assessments of the timing, magnitude, and explosivity of eruptive events. A comprehensive suite of satellite-derived products is provided here, documenting the February 2025 eruption of Mt. Etna (Italy), the first eruption fully monitored also by the third-generation Meteosat satellite, providing unprecedented mid-infrared spatial and temporal resolution. Daily Planet’s acquisitions enabled consistent monitoring of lava flow evolution, while a post-eruptive Pléiades triplet allowed for the development of an updated digital surface model and precise estimation of the deposits thickness. The dataset includes: time averaged discharge rates (TADR) from MODIS, SEVIRI, VIIRS, and FCI sensors; lava flow areal expansion from Skysat and PlanetScope imagery; deposit thickness from DSMs differencing; SO₂ mass flux from TROPOMI; a 5 m-resolution DSM from Pléiades imagery (March 6th, 2025). Combined analysis of SO₂ emissions and TADR improves understanding of magma supply and eruptive output. Furthermore, the products provided offer critical data for analyzing multi-temporal morphological changes and hazard assessment studies.