Mean ± standard error for the sampled variables within each of the three regions.

N = number of plots sampled in the respective year. Arthropod biomass was estimated from the species' mean length (see text). Means were tested for differences between regions with ANOVA. Degrees of freedom are indicated with the F-valuedf Region, df Residuals. Abundances are expresses as number of adult individuals whereas biomass is given in grams. Species lists of herbivores and predators can be found in Appendix S5 and Appendix S6, original datasets are available from the Dryad Digital Repository: http://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.f3b77.
Mean ± standard error for the sampled variables within each of the three regions.