The Swedish National study on Aging and Care in Blekinge (SNAC-B)

The national study SNAC - The Swedish National Study on Aging and Care, includes four participating areas: SNAC-Blekinge, SNAC Kungsholmen, SNAC Nordanstig and SNAC Skåne (GÅS). In all four areas, a research centre conducts a population study and a health care system study. (Metadata related to the main study SNAC and the other participating areas can be found under the Related studies tab). SNAC- Blekinge is headed by a steering group of researchers with Professor Johan Sanmartin Berglund as principal investigator. The project is supported by the Ministry of Health and Social Affairs, Blekinge Institute of Technology, Kristianstad University and Linnaeus University in Växjö. Blekinge County Council is cooperating with the municipality of Karlskrona. ´ In addition to the national design and objectives a number of separate research questions have been of special interest to the research team in Blekinge. These are as follows: - Dental health and care - a general assessment of elderly between 60 and 96 years of age with a particular focus on identifying osteoporosis using dental X-ray examination. - Multi-morbidity - developing an instrument for estimating incidence and prevalence of diseases in the general population. - Occupation and retirement - the purpose being to study the differences between those working and those being retired or pre-retired at the ages between 60 and 66. - Cardiovascular and cognitive diseases - does patients being treated in primary care know about incipient heart? Also is studied the relation between heart and cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus and cognitive function. - Quality in the care of the elderly - a study about how social contextual and structural factors relate to the need of care and services. - OTC´s and non prescription drugs - the significance of lifestyle and psychological factors for the use of OTC and prescription medication. - Functional performance and stress-reactivity - examining how variability in functional performance in a homogenous age group relate to experimental induces stress testing the stress hypothesis on ageing. Population study: The aim of the population study is to find out how among other things social environment, lifestyle and earlier diseases effect health and wellbeing in old age. The design is longitudinal and interdisciplinary and the study examines elderly between 60 and 96 years of age. Medical examinations, interviews, psychological tests and distributed of questionnaires are repeated every third or sixth year. The baseline examination was conducted during the period 2001 to 2003. When closed in spring 2003 examination had been made on 1402 subjects out of 2312 (aged 60-96 years old) that was invited to take part in the study. The participation rate was fully (slightly above) 60% for the whole age range from 60 to 96 years of age. Several follow-ups have been conducted. Health care system study: Karlskrona municipality Mature Management has a need to raise awareness of aging and the care of the elderly in the future to improve care for older people. During the autumn of 2009 begins, therefore, SNAC, in cooperation with BTH, on behalf of the Mature Management, a research in Karlskrona on the municipality's elderly care is tailored to the needs of the elderly. The same type of study is done simultaneously in a number of other municipalities in the country. The survey covers all persons aged 65 years and benefiting the elderly of Mature Management in Karlskrona and / or have a lasting home care / rehabilitation. Data collection have been conducted at several occasions. Purpose: The aim is to provide information about how social environment, lifestyle and earlier diseases effect health and wellbeing in old age. One of the special interests to the research team in Blekinge is dental health and the impact to general health.瑞典国家老龄化与护理研究（Swedish National Study on Aging and Care，简称SNAC）涵盖四个参与区域：SNAC-布莱金厄（SNAC-Blekinge）、SNAC-孔斯霍尔门（SNAC Kungsholmen）、SNAC-诺丹斯蒂格（SNAC Nordanstig）以及SNAC-斯科讷（GÅS）。四个区域均由研究中心开展人群研究与医疗体系研究。（与SNAC主研究及其他参与区域相关的元数据可在「相关研究」标签下查阅。） SNAC-布莱金厄由以约翰·桑马丁·贝里隆德（Johan Sanmartin Berglund）教授为首席研究员（principal investigator）的研究指导小组牵头。本项目得到卫生与社会事务部、布莱金厄理工学院、克里斯蒂安斯塔德大学及韦克舍林奈大学的资助。布莱金厄郡议会与卡尔斯克鲁纳自治市开展合作。 除全国性研究设计与目标外，布莱金厄研究团队还关注若干专属研究议题，具体如下： - 口腔健康与护理：对60至96岁老年人开展全面评估，重点关注通过牙科X光检查筛查骨质疏松症（osteoporosis）。 - 多病共存（multi-morbidity）：开发用于估算普通人群疾病发病率与患病率的工具。 - 职业与退休：研究60至66岁人群中在职者与退休/准退休者之间的差异。 - 心血管与认知疾病：探究接受初级护理的患者是否知晓早期心脏病；同时研究心脏病、心血管疾病与糖尿病及认知功能之间的关联。 - 老年人护理质量：探讨社会环境与结构因素如何影响老年人的护理与服务需求。 - 非处方药（OTC）与处方药物：分析生活方式与心理因素对非处方药及处方药物使用的影响。 - 功能状态与应激反应性：在同质性年龄组中探究功能状态的变异性与实验诱导应激的关联，以验证衰老应激假说。 人群研究： 本研究旨在探究社会环境、生活方式及既往疾病等因素如何影响老年人的健康与福祉。研究采用纵向跨学科设计，调研对象为60至96岁的老年人。每3年或6年重复开展一次医学检查、访谈、心理测试及问卷发放。基线调查于2001年至2003年期间进行。截至2003年春季结束调查时，受邀参与研究的2312名60至96岁老年人中，共有1402人完成了调查，全年龄段参与率略高于60%。目前已开展多次随访调查。 医疗体系研究： 卡尔斯克鲁纳市老年事务管理部门（Mature Management）亟需提升民众对未来老龄化与老年人护理的认知，以优化老年人护理服务。因此，SNAC于2009年秋季联合布莱金厄理工学院，代表该老年事务管理部门，在卡尔斯克鲁纳开展针对该市老年人护理的定制化研究，以匹配老年人的实际需求。该国其他若干自治市也同步开展了同类研究。 本次调研覆盖卡尔斯克鲁纳市老年事务管理部门服务的所有65岁及以上老年人，以及接受长期居家护理/康复服务的人群。数据采集已多次开展。 研究目的： 本研究旨在提供社会环境、生活方式及既往疾病等因素对老年人健康与福祉影响的相关数据。布莱金厄研究团队的重点关注议题之一为口腔健康及其对全身健康的影响。