The expression (transcript levels) of nine genes potentially related to defence responses in canola at 14 days after a treatment with Heteroconium chaetospira BC2HB1 plus Plasmodiophora brassica (Pb) or Pb alone, relative to the control (n = 8).

xPrimers used for quantification of the BnPR-1, BnPR-2 and BnPR-5 gene families in qPCR were based on Potlakayala et al. (2007), and those for other gene families were based on Zhao et al. (2009).yMean transcript levels were normalized using the actin gene as a house-keeping gene (Zhao et al., 2009), averaged over the two repetitions of the test.zData from repeated trials were pooled for analysis. Means without an asterisk did not differ from the control. Those with one asterisk (*) were significantly higher than that of control, and those with two asterisks (**) were significantly higher than that in roots inoculated with the pathogen only.