National Crime Victimization Survey, Concatenated File, [United States], 1992-2018

The National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS), previously called the National Crime Survey (NCS), has been collecting data on personal and household victimization through an ongoing survey of a nationally-representative sample of residential addresses since 1973. The NCVS was designed with four primary objectives: (1) to develop detailed information about the victims and consequences of crime, (2) to estimate the number and types of crimes not reported to the police, (3) to provide uniform measures of selected types of crimes, and (4) to permit comparisons over time and types of areas. Beginning in 1992, the survey categorizes crimes as "personal" or "property." Personal crimes include rape and sexual assault, robbery, aggravated and simple assault, and purse-snatching/pocket-picking, while property crimes include burglary, theft, motor vehicle theft, and vandalism. Each respondent is asked a series of screen questions designed to determine whether she or he was victimized during the six-month period preceding the first day of the month of the interview. A "household respondent" is also asked to report on crimes against the household as a whole (e.g., burglary, motor vehicle theft). The data include type of crime, month, time, and location of the crime, relationship between victim and offender, characteristics of the offender, self-protective actions taken by the victim during the incident and results of those actions, consequences of the victimization, type of property lost, whether the crime was reported to police and reasons for reporting or not reporting, and offender use of weapons, drugs, and alcohol. Basic demographic information such as age, race, gender, and income is also collected, to enable analysis of crime by various subpopulations. This dataset represents the concatenated version of the NCVS on a collection year basis for 1992-2018. A collection year contains records from interviews conducted in the 12 months of the given year. Under the collection year format, victimizations are counted in the year the interview is conducted, regardless of the year when the crime incident occurred. For additional information on the dataset, please see the documentation for the data from the most current year of the NCVS, ICPSR Study 37297.

国家犯罪受害者调查（National Crime Victimization Survey，简称 NCVS），此前称为国家犯罪调查（National Crime Survey，简称 NCS），自 1973 年以来便通过持续调查全国代表性住宅地址样本，收集有关个人和家庭受害情况的数据。NCVS 的设计旨在实现四个主要目标：（1）详尽收集有关犯罪受害者及其后果的信息，（2）估算未向警方报告的犯罪数量和类型，（3）提供选定类型犯罪的统一衡量标准，以及（4）允许在不同时间和区域之间进行比较。自 1992 年起，该调查将犯罪分为“个人犯罪”和“财产犯罪”两大类。个人犯罪包括强奸、性攻击、抢劫、严重及普通攻击、以及抢夺/掏包；而财产犯罪则包括入室盗窃、盗窃、机动车盗窃和破坏公物。每位受访者将回答一系列筛选问题，以确定其在访谈月份的前六个月内是否成为受害者。此外，“家庭受访者”还需报告针对整个家庭的犯罪情况（例如，入室盗窃、机动车盗窃）。数据包括犯罪类型、犯罪月份、时间和地点、受害人与犯罪者之间的关系、犯罪者特征、受害者在事件中采取的自我保护措施及其结果、受害者受害的后果、丢失的财产类型、犯罪是否报告给警方以及未报告或报告的原因，以及犯罪者使用武器、毒品和酒精的情况。此外，还收集了基本的人口统计数据，如年龄、种族、性别和收入，以便对犯罪进行不同子群体的分析。本数据集代表 1992-2018 年 NCVS 的年度连接版本。收集年份包含在该年 12 个月内进行的访谈记录。在收集年份格式下，受害者受害情况按访谈年份计算，而不考虑犯罪事件发生的年份。有关数据集的更多信息，请参阅最新年份的 NCVS 数据，ICPSR 研究 37297。