Gut microbiome-derived LPS aggravated cognitive impairment by promoting systemic inflammation via the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway in hypoxic-ischemic neonatal rats

Hypoxic ischemic brain damage (HIBD) is the primary cause of neurological deficits in neonates, leading to long-term cognitive impairment. Recent studies have demonstrated that gut microbiota plays a crucial role in the development of cognitive impairment after brain injury, known as the microbiota-gut-brain axis.缺氧缺血性脑损伤（Hypoxic ischemic brain damage, HIBD）是引发新生儿神经功能缺损的首要诱因，可造成长期认知功能障碍。现有研究已证实，肠道菌群在脑损伤后继发性认知功能障碍的发生发展中扮演关键角色，这一调控通路即为菌群-肠-脑轴（microbiota-gut-brain axis）。