Performance comparison of different models.

The prediction of key indicators in the flotation process is crucial for optimizing operations, improving quality, and reducing consumption. However, indicator prediction itself suffers from complex nonlinear relationships, difficulties in model construction, and noise interference. To solve the above problems, this paper proposes a new model based on a multilayer tree structure belief rule base (MTS-BRB), termed MTS-BRB with attribute reliability (MTS-BRB-R). First, an initial prediction model is constructed using the MTS-BRB framework. Second, the attribute reliability is embedded into the model structure to enhance the robustness of its inference and prediction accuracy. Finally, the prediction of the tailings silica content in the iron ore flotation process is used as a case study to verify the effectiveness of the proposed model.