Ghost Projection

This thesis presents the development of a new technique for radiation and matter-wave beam shaping, namely ghost projection. Future applications may pertain to: (i) beam shaping hard x rays, gamma rays, or matter wave-fields; (ii) in performing universal-mask-based lithography for electromagnetic waves of energy beyond extreme-ultraviolet radiation; (iii) in the complementary field of three-dimensional printing via reverse tomography and (iv) in the new technique of ghost-projection photocopying.