Paraxanthias parvus

Paraxanthias parvus (Borradaile, 1900) [New Jn: Kogata-hime-ougigani] (Fig. 4A) Material examined. Chichi-jima Is.—Nishijima I., 8♂♂ (cb 5.3×cl 3.7 mm —cb 6.6×cl 4.6 mm), 6 ♀♀ (cb 6.3×cl 4.4 mm —cb 9.4×cl 6.0 mm), 1 ovig.♀ (cb 5.1×cl 3.6 mm), NSMT-Cr 31537, 1 ovig.♀(NSMT-Cr 31538; cb 8.5×cl 5.6 mm), 29-VI-1976, M. Takeda leg. Remarks. This rare small species has been recorded only by Borradaile (1900, pl. 41 fig. 5, as Xanthias), Takeda and Miyake (1969, fig. 1), Paulay et al. (2003, in list), and Maenosono (2021, figs. 1F, 2D, H). This species originally referred to the genus Xanthias Rathbun, 1897, was designated as one of five congeneric species in the new genus Paraxanthias established by Odhner (1925). Rathbun (1930) referred them to the genus Paraliomera Rathbun, 1930, but Guinot (1964) doubted their inclusion to the American genus Paraliomera, and Takeda and Miyake (1969) followed Odhner (1925). The specimens examined is of stout appearance in spite of its small size, with the strong chelipeds of remarkably different size; four anterolateral teeth of the carapace are rather angulated, especially the first is obtusely angulated at the middle. Distribution. This species, one of nine Indo-West Pacific species, is known only from Fiji (Rotuma Island), the northern Mariana Islands, and Japan (Ryukyu Islands and Kagoshima Prefecture).