Data management report: IPBES Spatial Planning and Connectivity Assessment, Chapter 3

Chapter 3 examines how spatial planning and ecological connectivity can support the implementation of Target 2, on restoration, and Target 3, on protected areas and other effective area-based conservation measures, of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework. The product synthesizes evidence on approaches, methods, tools and enabling conditions for conservation and restoration planning, with attention to biodiversity outcomes, connectivity and area-based conservation. The evidence base was derived primarily from OpenAlex (see data management report on the SPC Corpus), using subsection-specific search strings and filtering procedures, and was complemented by targeted searches and relevant grey literature where appropriate. Records were screened using predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria and ASReview, and selected sources were then queried in NotebookLM to support structured information extraction.