Incidence, risk factors and airway management of postoperative hematoma following anterior cervical spine surgery: a retrospective nested case–control study

The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence, risk factors and airway management of postoperative hematoma (HT) following anterior cervical spine surgery (ACSS).
Design: A retrospective nested case–control study.
A longitudinal ACSS cohort was identified from March 2013 to February 2022. Patients with postoperative HT after ACSS were enrolled as the HT group, and others in the cohort without HT were randomly selected as the non-HT group by individually matching at a ratio of 4:1. Subsequently, patients with HT were included in a subgroup for analysis.