GERMAN UNIVERSITY MEDICINE AND THE JADIDS' FOREIGN EDUCATION POLICY: A HISTORICAL ANALYSIS OF HAYRINISO MAJIDKHONOVA'S ACADEMIC FORMATION

This article presents a comprehensive historical analysis of Hayriniso Majidkhonova’s medical education in Germany within the broader context of the history of national medicine and the Jadid reform movement. The study aims to examine the academic environment of German university medicine, the structure of clinical training, and their influence on Majidkhonova’s professional and intellectual formation. The research employs historical, comparative, biographical, and historiographical reconstruction methods. The source base consists of international scholarly literature on the history of German medical education, studies on the Jadid movement, and fundamental works devoted to the development of European university medicine. The findings demonstrate that, during the early twentieth century, German universities had become leading international centres of medical education distinguished by the integration of fundamental biomedical sciences, clinical practice, and scientific research. Within this context, Hayriniso Majidkhonova’s education in Germany is interpreted not merely as an individual educational experience but as an integral component of the Jadids’ strategy of national modernization through overseas education. The study argues that the German university environment played a decisive role in shaping her professional competence, clinical reasoning, academic discipline, and scientific worldview. The article further offers a new historiographical interpretation of Majidkhonova’s education by conceptualising it as part of the formation of the national medical intelligentsia and the transfer of European academic knowledge to Turkestan. The findings contribute to a broader understanding of the history of medicine, the Jadid reform movement, and the development of international educational mobility in Central Asia, while providing a theoretical foundation for future interdisciplinary research in these fields.