Cytotoxic and Anti-Inflammatory Sesquiterpenes from the Whole Plants of Centipeda minima

Sixteen new sesquiterpene lactones (1–16) along with 13 known analogues (17–29) were isolated from the whole plants of Centipeda minima. The structures of 1–16 were delineated by the combination of NMR spectroscopic experiments, HRESIMS, single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses, and ECD spectra. Compounds 23–26 showed potent cytotoxicity against Hela, HCT-116, and HepG2 cells with IC50 values of 0.8–2.6, 0.4–3.3, and 1.1–2.6 μM, respectively. Compounds 8, 15, and 24 exhibited significant inhibitory activity on the production of nitric oxide in the lipopolysaccharide-activated RAW 264.7 mouse macrophage cell line, with IC50 values ranging from 0.1 to 0.2 μM.