Supporting data for "A chromosome-level genome assembly of the Oriental river prawn, Macrobrachium nipponense"

The Oriental river prawn, iMacrobrachium nipponense/i , is an economically important shrimp in China. Male prawns have higher commercial value than females because the former grow faster and reach larger sizes. It is therefore critical to reveal sex-differentiation and development mechanisms of the Oriental river prawn for genetic improvements.br /We sequenced 293.3 Gb of raw Illumina short reads and 405.7 Gb of Pacbio long reads. The final whole genome assembly of the Oriental river prawn was about 4.5 Gb, with predictions of 44,086 protein-coding genes. A total of 49 chromosomes were determined, with an anchor ratio of 94.7% and a scaffold N50 of 86.8 Mb. A whole genome duplication event was predicted to have happened 109.8 million years ago. By integration of genome and transcriptome data, 21 genes were predicted as strong candidate sex-related genes. In particular, signal transduction and endocrine system signaling pathways were suggested to play essential roles in sex- differentiation and development in this prawn species.br /The first high-quality chromosome-level genome assembly of the Oriental river prawn was obtained. These genomic data, along with transcriptome sequences, are essential for understanding sex-differentiation and development mechanisms in the Oriental river prawn, as well as providing genetic resources for in-depth studies on developmental and evolutionary biology in arthropods.