全球500米植被净初级生产力数据集（2000-2018）

本章基于2018年的全球30米分辨率森林覆盖产品、全球500米分辨率森林净初级生产力（NPP）产品等，从全球、气候带和洲际尺度研究了森林覆盖及生产力现状的空间分布特征，分析了全球森林覆盖现状与全球经济、人口发展、森林管理制度和管理目标的相关性。
2018年全球森林面积为38.15亿hm²，占全球陆地面积的25.60%；森林生态系统NPP高达每年352.83亿tC，约占全球植被NPP的55.44%。全球各气候带的森林分布呈现不均衡现象，其中，热带地区森林覆盖分布广，面积最大，为18.47亿hm²，占全球森林总面积的48.40%；同样，热带地区森林NPP总量也最高，为24.05PgCyr'（1PgC=10亿吨碳），占全球森林NPP总量的68.17%。
从各大洲看，森林覆盖现状差异明显。亚洲森林覆盖面积最大，占全球森林覆盖总面积的30.91%；其次是南美洲和北美洲，森林覆盖面积分别占全球森林覆盖总面积的22.29%和20.11%。从森林覆盖率来看，南美洲的森林覆盖率最高，达到47.66%；其次是欧洲和北美洲，森林覆盖率分别是36.06%和31.05%。各大洲森林NPP总量从高到低依次为南美洲、亚洲、非洲、北美洲、欧洲和大洋洲，最高为11.78 Pg C yr'，占全球森林NPP总量的33.39%；而最低仅为1.53PgCyr'，占全球森林NPP总量的4.33%。

This chapter investigates the spatial distribution characteristics of current forest cover and productivity at global, climatic zone, and intercontinental scales based on the 2018 global 30-meter resolution forest cover product, global 500-meter resolution forest net primary productivity (NPP) product, and other related datasets, and analyzes the correlations between global forest cover status and global economic development, population growth, forest management systems, and management objectives.

In 2018, the global forest area reached 3.815 billion hm², accounting for 25.60% of the global terrestrial land area. The NPP of global forest ecosystems was as high as 35.283 Pg C per year, accounting for approximately 55.44% of the global vegetation NPP. Forest distribution across global climatic zones is uneven. The tropical region has the widest and most extensive forest coverage, with a total area of 1.847 billion hm², accounting for 48.40% of the global total forest area. Similarly, the tropical region also has the highest total forest NPP, reaching 24.05 Pg C yr⁻¹ (1 Pg C = 100 million tonnes of carbon), accounting for 68.17% of the total global forest NPP.

At the continental scale, the status of forest cover varies significantly across continents. Asia has the largest forest cover area, accounting for 30.91% of the total global forest cover area, followed by South America and North America, with their respective shares of 22.29% and 20.11% of the global total forest cover area. In terms of forest coverage rate, South America ranks first, reaching 47.66%, followed by Europe and North America, with forest coverage rates of 36.06% and 31.05%, respectively. The total forest NPP of each continent, sorted from highest to lowest, is South America, Asia, Africa, North America, Europe, and Oceania. The highest total NPP is 11.78 Pg C yr⁻¹, accounting for 33.39% of the total global forest NPP, while the lowest is only 1.53 Pg C yr⁻¹, accounting for 4.33% of the total global forest NPP.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集基于全球30米分辨率森林覆盖产品和2018年全球500米分辨率森林净初级生产力（NPP）产品，研究了全球、气候带和洲际尺度上森林覆盖和生产力状况的空间分布特征，并分析了全球森林覆盖状况与全球经济、人口发展、森林管理制度和管理目标的相关性。2018年全球森林面积为38.15亿公顷，占全球陆地面积的25.60%；森林生态系统的NPP高达352.83亿吨碳/年，占全球植被NPP的55.44%。热带地区的森林覆盖面积和NPP总量最高，分别占全球总量的48.40%和68.17%。