Development of Bismuth-Based Z-Scheme Photocatalytic Systems for the Reduction of Carbon Dioxide into Methane

Fossil fuels are currently the world’s primary energy source. The combustion of fossil fuels has resulted in massive emissions of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide is regarded as one the most promising and sustainable approaches, as energy-rich hydrocarbon fuels can be produced from carbon dioxide. It is commonly known as artificial photosynthesis, as the process is driven by clean and inexhaustible solar energy. As a whole, this work provides valuable insights into designing efficient 2D photocatalytic systems for methane production from carbon dioxide to alleviate energy and environmental crises concurrently.