The rise and fall of public social spending with the COVID‑19 pandemic

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development2026-04-11 收录

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With the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, the public social spending-to-GDP ratio increased from 20% of GDP in 2019 to 23% in 2020 across the OECD on average. This surge in the spending-to-GDP ratio was largely (over 80%) due to an increase in spending rather than a decline in GDP.