Mn3O4-potentiated bifunctional hydrogel for mild temperature-controlled tumor ablation and osteogenesis

Postoperative bone reconstruction after tumor resection remains challenging due to tumor recurrence and poor osteogenesis. Although photothermal scaffolds can ablate tumors (via high heat) and stimulate bone formation (via mild heat), balancing these effects is difficult—excessive heat damages tissue, while insufficient heat fails to eliminate tumors. Here, we develop an injectable Mn3O4-enhanced hydrogel (GM/OD/Mn3O4) to address this. Mn3O4nanosheets, firstly synthesized via biomineralization, exhibit high photothermal efficiency and enzyme-mimetic activity (glucose oxidase/peroxidase-like). The hydrogel adapts to irregular defects and releases Mn3O4in acidic tumor microenvironments. Through catalytic cascades, it depletes ATP and inhibits heat shock proteins, overcoming tumor thermoresistance and enabling effective ablation at mild temperatures (43 °C). Lower NIR power (40 °C) further enhances osteogenesis. In vivo, the hydrogel suppresses tumor recurrence while promoting bone regeneration, offering a dual-functional strategy for postoperative bone repair.Addressing post-surgical bone tumor recurrence and insufficient osteogenesis, a smart Mn3O4- enhanced hydrogel is designed integrating photothermal conversion and dual-enzyme catalytic abilities. Tumor acidity-triggered Mn3O4release depletes ATP via glucose/H2O2cascade reactions, suppressing HSPs for apoptosis at 43 °C. Adjustable NIR power (40 °C) enhances osteogenesis. Injectable hydrogel validated for mild-temperature photothermal tumor ablation and bone regenerationin vivo.Image 1View The PDF