Modeling ocean heat transport to the grounding lines of Pine Island, Thwaites, Smith, and Kohler glaciers, West Antarctica

In the Amundsen Sea Embayment (ASE) located in West Antarctica, the Pine Island, Thwaites, Smith, and Kohler glaciers are all experiencing rapid mass loss and rounding line retreat because of enhanced ocean thermal forcing from Circumpolar Deep Water (CDW) intruding into the ice shelf cavities. Here, we use 1 year of 6-hourly average outputs (September 1, 2006 to August 31, 2007) from the Southern Ocean high-resolution (SOhi) simulation and Lagrangian particles to backtrack the transport and cooling of warm water to the grounding lines of these glaciers. SOhi is a 1/24 degrees model with 225 vertical levels and includes sea ice, oceanic tides, and all ice shelves. In the ASE, SOhi model has a horizontal resolution of approximately 1.2km and a vertical resolution of 1.4 meters at the surface, 25.8 meters at 1,000 m, and 50 meters at 3000 m. The version of SOhi used in this analysis uses bathymetry is from the General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans 2020 and ice cavity geometry is from Be..., , , # Particle trajectories advected using outputs from the Southern Ocean high-resolution (SOhi) simulation for Pine Island, Thwaites, Smith, and Kohler glaciers

## Description of the data and file structure

Particle trajectories for each of the four glaciers (Pine Island, Thwaites, Smith, and Kohler) is stored in their own corresponding zipped -.zarr format. Unzipped the folder and the zarr store can be accessed with python using:

> import zarr
>
> dataset = zarr.open('path/to/file.zarr', mode='r')
>
> var_data = dataset['var_name']

Replace 'var_name' with the variable of interest. The available variables are:

**Dimensions**
`obs` : Observation ID

`trajectory` : Particles ID

**Data Variables** (dimension = trajectory x obs):
`age` : Age of particle (in seconds), starting from when the particles are initialized

`time` : Time of particle (in seconds) with respect to the velocity fields. Particles with the same time is advected using the same fields.

`lat` : Latitude ...