Clinico-Demographic Profile and Outcome Assessment in a Paediatric Intensive Care Unit: A Retrospective Observational Study

AbstractAim: The aim of the present study was to analyze demographic profile and outcome in atertiary care hospital Pediatric Intensive care (PICU) in Bihar region.Methods: This was a hospital based retrospective study, done on patients admitted toPaediatric ICU of Nalanda medical College and Hospital, Patna, Bihar, India for the period ofone year. Total 200 patients were included in the study.Results: According to the socio demographic pattern, age distribution of patients showed that< 1year were 50 (25%), 1-5 years were 90 (45%), > 5yrs of age were 60 (30%). There was amale preponderance 140 (70%), males were 60 (30%). The mean age was 5.25±6.4 years. Outof the total cases 200, 150 (75%) were medical cases and 50 (25%) were surgical cases. Themean PRISM III score was 15.5 (4-36). The average length of PICU stay was 8.40 ±5.5. Themajor diagnostic categories of medical patients were neurological 40 (20%), respiratory 36(18%) and cardiac 12 (6%), renal 30 (15%), infectious 20 (10%), hematological 12 (6%),gastrointestinal 26 (13%), others including surgical and trauma cases 24 (12%). The outcomenoted was, out 200 patients admitted to paediatric ICU, 176 (88%) were discharged. About20 (10%) patients went against medical advice. About 4 (2%) patients were referred atparent’s request.Conclusion: Respiratory illness, infectious diseases, neurological problems and poisoningare the most common cause for PICU admissions. But seronegative dengue cases, electricshock, reemergence of scrub typhus, are being increasingly diagnosed. So, emphasis istherefore placed on high index of suspicion for this type of conditions. We also recommendbetter manpower and infrastructure to improve the outcome of patients admitted to PICU.