Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MDS42 Genome sequencing

To investigate the morphology of primitive life, the reverse evolution with the representative modern bacterium Escherichia coli was challenged for the first time in a laboratory primordial environment, in which the only carbon source was the fatty acid vesicles (OAVs) instead of the commonly-used saccharide, glucose. A total of six lineages of the experimental devolution were conducted for approximately 500 generations.