Table_3_The Interplay Between Economic Status and Attractiveness, and the Importance of Attire in Mate Choice Judgments.docx

Desirable characteristics of “opposite sex others,” such as physical attractiveness and economic status, can influence how individuals are judged, and this is different for men and women. However, under various social contexts where cues of higher or lower economic status is suggested, sex differences in judgments related to mate choice have not been fully explored. In two studies, ratings of economic status and attractiveness were quantified for male and female targets that were presented under various social contexts. Study 1 assessed judgments (n = 1,359) of images of nine male and nine female targets in different sized groups containing only opposite-sex others (i.e., group size). While we found no significant effects of group size on male and female attractiveness, target female economic status increased when surrounded by two or more men. An ad hoc analysis controlling for the attire of the targets (business or casual) found that the association between target female economic status and group size occurred when females were in business attire. Study 2 investigates this effect further by presenting images of 12 males and 12 females, in higher and lower status attire (i.e., business and casual clothing) and measured judgments of attractiveness and economic status among women and men (n = 1,038). Consistent with the results of Study 1, female economic status was only affected when women were in business attire. However, female economic status decreased when in the presence of other men in business attire. There were no sex differences in judgments of economic status when judging stimuli in casual attire. Additionally, negative associations between attractiveness and economic status were found for males presented in casual attire. We discuss these results in the light of evolutionary sexual conflict theory by demonstrating how the asymmetrical importance of status between men and women can influence mate choice judgments.

“异性他人”的理想特征，诸如外貌吸引力和经济地位，能够影响个体对他人的评判，且这种影响在男性和女性之间存在差异。然而，在诸多社会情境中，当暗示着更高或更低经济地位的线索出现时，关于配偶选择评判中的性别差异尚未得到充分探讨。在两项研究中，对处于不同社会情境下的男性和女性目标的经济地位和吸引力进行了量化评估。研究一评估了1,359名参与者对九名男性和九名女性在不同规模群体（即群体大小）中的图像的评判。尽管我们发现群体大小对男性和女性的吸引力没有显著影响，但当目标女性周围有两名或更多男性时，其经济地位有所提升。对目标着装（商务或休闲）进行控制的临时分析发现，当女性身着商务装时，目标女性的经济地位与群体大小之间存在关联。研究二进一步探讨了这一效应，通过展示12名男性和12名女性的高地位和低地位着装（即商务装和休闲装）图像，并测量了女性和男性（共1,038名）对吸引力和经济地位的评判。与研究一的结果一致，女性的经济地位仅在被商务装打扮时受到影响。然而，当女性在商务装男性在场的情况下，其经济地位有所下降。在评判休闲装刺激物时，未发现性别差异对经济地位的评判产生影响。此外，对于休闲装打扮的男性，发现吸引力和经济地位之间存在负面关联。我们基于进化性性冲突理论对这些结果进行了讨论，展示了男女之间地位不对称的重要性如何影响配偶选择评判。