Youth Development Study, 1988-2011 [St. Paul, Minnesota]

The Youth Development Study was initiated to address the developmental and achievement-related consequences of employment during the adolescent years. Data collection began in the 1987-88 academic year with a panel of teenagers (G2) randomly selected from a list of 9th graders attending the St. Paul (Minnesota) Public Schools. G2 respondents have filled out surveys near-annually (exceptions are 1996, 2001, 2006, 2008, and 2010), first administered in their high school classrooms (Waves 1 through 4) and subsequently by mail, through 2011 (Wave 19), when the respondents were 37 and 38 years old. The G2 surveys included detailed questions about students' work and volunteer experiences, as well as experiences in their family, school, and peer group, with an emphasis on the ways that working affected other life domains. Shorter surveys containing many of the same topics were administered to students in 1992, 1993, and 1994, and included questions about current family and living arrangements. In 1995, a full survey was administered covering the wide range of topics included in the previous surveys as well as information on career plans and life events that had occurred in the past five years. G2 Waves 9 through 15 (1997-2004) included many of the same questions contained in 1992-1994 surveys with addition sections that focused on the respondents' school and work experiences, family relationships such as marital status and children, education level and career preparation, how the respondent learned of his or her job and his or her level of satisfaction with it, and economic support questions including income level and living expenses. The parents of the G2 cohort (G1) were surveyed in the first and fourth waves of the study, when their G2 children were in the first year of high school and four years later. The G1 surveys obtained information about socioeconomic background as well as attitudes toward teenage employment, their own employment as teenagers, their experiences in their current employment, and educational expectations for their children. In 2008, the children of G2 who were age 11 and older were recruited (G3). The first data collection (a mailed survey) from G3 occurred in 2009, followed by the second in 2010, and the third in 2011, again including those children who turned 11, as well as older children who had not joined the study previously. The topics covered by the G3 surveys are very similar to the G2 topics listed above. Demographic variables include child and parent sex, age, race, education level, religious preference, frequency of religious attendance, marital status, employment status, income, language used at home, and whether respondents were born in the United States, as well as the sex and age of all household members.

《青少年发展研究》旨在探讨青少年时期就业对个人发展及成就相关后果的影响。该研究始于1987-1988学年，通过对圣保罗（明尼苏达州）公立学校九年级学生名单中随机选取的青少年群体（G2）进行数据收集。G2受访者自高中课堂（第1至第4波）起，每隔近一年完成调查（1996年、2001年、2006年、2008年和2010年除外），直至2011年（第19波），此时受访者年龄为37岁和38岁。G2调查包含关于学生工作及志愿服务经历的详细问题，以及他们在家庭、学校和同伴群体中的经历，特别关注工作如何影响其他生活领域。在1992年、1993年和1994年，对包含许多相同主题的学生的简短调查进行了实施，并包括关于当前家庭和生活安排的问题。在1995年，进行了一次全面调查，涵盖了之前调查中的广泛主题，以及过去五年中发生的职业规划和生活事件信息。G2的第9至第15波（1997-2004年）包括与1992-1994年调查中相同的问题，并增加了关注受访者学校和工作经历、家庭关系（如婚姻状况和子女）、教育水平及职业准备、受访者如何得知其工作及其对工作的满意度，以及包括收入水平和生活费用在内的经济支持问题。在G2子女进入高中一年级和四年后，即研究的第1和第4波，对其父母（G1）进行了调查。G1调查获取了关于社会经济背景以及对待青少年就业的态度、他们自己作为青少年的就业经历、他们在当前就业中的经历以及对孩子教育的期望等信息。在2008年，招募了G2中11岁及以上的子女（G3）。G3的第一波数据收集（邮寄调查）发生在2009年，随后在2010年和2011年进行了第二和第三波数据收集，再次包括那些11岁及以上的儿童，以及之前未加入研究的年长儿童。G3调查涵盖的主题与上述G2主题非常相似。人口统计变量包括儿童和父母的性别、年龄、种族、教育水平、宗教偏好、宗教出席频率、婚姻状况、就业状况、收入、家庭使用的语言，以及受访者是否在美国出生，以及所有家庭成员的性别和年龄。