DNA Sequencing to Detect Residual Disease in Adults With Acute Myeloid Leukemia Prior to Hematopoietic Cell Transplant

Measurable residual disease (MRD) prior to allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (alloHCT) is associated with increased relapse and death in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in cytomorphological complete remission (CR). The clinical utility of such ultra-deep next-generation sequencing (NGS-MRD) had not yet been reported in a large multi-center cohort. To assess this, patients aged 18 or older who underwent first alloHCT between 2013-2019 for AML in first CR (CR1), reported to be FLT3, NPM1, IDH1, IDH2 and/or KIT mutated at diagnosis, with a pre-conditioning remission blood sample available in the CIBMTR biobank were eligible for this study. Ultra-deep anchored multiplex PCR-based NGS-MRD for the above mutations was performed on 500ng gDNA with error-corrected variant calling.