PRONUNCIATION CHALLENGES IN ENGLISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE

In the era of globalization, English serves as a primary medium of international communication and academic exchange. However, many second language learners encounter difficulties in oral communication, particularly in pronunciation. This study examines the major linguistic and pedagogical factors influencing pronunciation among non-native speakers. Using qualitative analysis based on phonological theory and second language acquisition research, the study identifies key issues such as mother tongue interference, orthographic inconsistency, lack of oral practice, and insufficient teacher training. The findings indicate that pronunciation difficulties significantly affect communicative competence. The study recommends integrating phonetic instruction, increasing exposure to authentic speech, and utilizing technological tools to enhance pronunciation skills.