Given that larval fish stages provide opportunities for development of stressor-selective screening level tests, this work aimed to investigate the optimal age of fathead minnow larva and duration of
In controlled model forest ecosystems young trees were exposed to heavy metals in the soil and to acid precipitation. On spruce trees Lymantria monacha caterpillars and Cinara pilicornis aphids and on
This study investigated the impacts of two agricultural stressors (the neonicotinoid insecticide thiacloprid and fertilizer) in full-factorial design in a semi-natural research site, using environment
Environmental toxicants such as pesticides exert strong selection pressure on many species. While the resulting development of pesticide resistance in agricultural pest species is well-known, reports