Combination of ethyl acetate fraction from Calotropis gigantea stem bark and sorafenib induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells

S1 Fig. The high-pressure liquid chromatography-electrospray ionisation-mass spectroscopic (HPLC-ESI-MS) chromatogram of C. gigantea stem bark extracts (CGEtOAc) in negative mode.

S2 Fig. The IC50 curves for (A) CGEtOAc and (B) sorafenib in HepG2 cells, and (C) CGEtOAc in IMR-90 cells for 24 h of incubation.

S3 Fig. The combination index (CI) vs. fraction affected (Fa) graph for CGEtOAc in combination with sorafenib after 24 h of incubation.

S4 Fig. The migration rate of HepG2 cells treated with CGEtOAc at 400 µg/mL and sorafenib at 4 µM, both singly and in combination, was evaluated using a wound healing assay after 0-72 h of incubation and compared to the vehicle group. 

S5 Raw images displaying the gating strategies used in flow cytometry of annexin V and propidium iodide (PI) staining in HepG2 cells after 24 h of incubation, with a combination of 400 µg/mL CGEtOAc and 4 µM sorafenib.

S6 Raw images of the original uncropped and unadjusted western blot images for HepG2 cells treated with a combination of 400 µg/mL CGEtOAc and 4 µM sorafenib for a 24-h incubation period.