PUBLIC–PRIVATE COLLABORATION AS A CATALYST FOR GREEN INNOVATION AND SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC TRANSFORMATION

Public–private collaboration has emerged as a cornerstone of green innovation and sustainable economic transformation. This article examines how institutional cooperation between the public and private sectors accelerates environmentally friendly technological development, mitigates investment risks, and facilitates long-term sustainable growth. Using international evidence and selected comparative insights, the study analyzes governance mechanisms, financial instruments, and innovation ecosystems that enable effective green public–private partnerships. The findings indicate that well-designed collaboration frameworks significantly enhance innovation efficiency, environmental performance, and economic resilience.