Bacterial ceramide synthesis

This pathway depicts the bacterial ceramide synthesis; bacteria are known to produces various groups of sphingolipids. This lipid class holds several physiological functions. In the human microbiome, commensal and pathogenic bacteria use sphingolipids to mimic the inflammatory system of the host. Several key eukaryotic ceramide synthesis enzymes have no bacterial homologue, which creates a challenge in understanding their biosynthetic pathway(s). Sphingolipids have only been measured in a few bacterial taxa (e.g. Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Pichia pastoris)[PMID:29863195] and with great variety of acyl chain length and hydroxylation, headgroups, and the saturation degree. All of these variables influence the role of a sphingolipid on the host system and are therefore important to study in different bacteria. This pathway uses the example of C. Vibriodes (supported by BridgeDb and Ensembl); the publication describing this pathway was originally written for C. crescentus [PMID:34969973]; identifiers for data analysis might be found through the CauloBrowser tool [PMID:26476443].

本途径描绘了细菌鞘氨醇的合成过程；细菌已知可产生多种鞘糖脂类物质。此类脂质承担着多种生理功能。在人类微生物组中，共生菌和致病菌利用鞘糖脂模拟宿主的炎症系统。数种关键的真核生物鞘氨醇合成酶在细菌中无同源物，这为理解其生物合成途径带来了挑战。鞘糖脂仅在少数细菌类群（例如酿酒酵母 Saccharomyces cerevisiae、毕赤酵母 Pichia pastoris）中进行了测量，且其酰基链长度、羟基化、头基和饱和度存在极大的多样性。所有这些变量均会影响鞘糖脂在宿主系统中的作用，因此在不同的细菌中进行研究至关重要。本途径以弧菌属 Vibrio的例子进行说明（由BridgeDb和Ensembl支持）；描述该途径的出版物最初是为弧菌属新月弧菌（C. crescentus）撰写的[PMID:34969973]；数据分析可能通过CauloBrowser工具找到标识符[PMID:26476443]。