Global Sustainable Development Indicators Dataset: Socio-Economic, Environmental, Financial, and Governance Metrics (2001–2022)

This dataset presents a harmonized, high-quality panel of 126 countries spanning the years 2001 to 2022, focused on key indicators relevant to sustainable development, inequality, environmental policy, and inclusive economic growth. Countries were selected based on the availability and continuity of data across the included indicators, ensuring robust coverage for empirical analysis.

The dataset integrates variables from reputable international sources and underwent extensive data preprocessing, including imputation of missing values, standardization, and verification of time consistency. It is optimized for use in econometric modeling, cross-country regressions, panel data analysis, and machine learning applications in the fields of sustainability, development economics, and public policy.

The dataset includes over 50 indicators grouped into thematic domains:
Economic & Development Indicators

Real GDP per capita (GDP_PC_Con), GDP per capita (GDP_PC), GDP Growth (GDPG), Trade Openness (TR), Interest Rate (IR), Inflation (INF, INFG), Unemployment (UE), Financial Deepening (FD), Financial Inclusion (FI), Fintech (FT), Foreign Direct Investment (FDI, FDI Net), Government Subsidies (GS, GS2), Debt Level (DEB), and Debt Servicing (DEBS).

Social and Demographic Indicators

Income Inequality (II), Poverty Headcount Ratio (POV), Poverty Gap (POVG), Life Expectancy (LE), Human Capital Index (HC), Gender Composition (POPF, POPM), Population (POP), Urbanization (URB, URBP), Population Density (POPD), Population Growth (POPG).

Environmental and Sustainability Metrics

Ecological Footprint (EFP, EFPT), Renewable Energy Consumption (REC), Renewable Electricity Output (RELC), Carbon Emissions (COT, CO), Environmental Regulations (ER), Economic Growth Sustainability (EGS), and Green Finance (GF, GF2).

Innovation, Governance & Integration

Governance Indicators (GOV), Green Technology Innovation (GTI), High-Tech Development (HTD), Technology Diffusion (TD), Tourism Activity (TOR), Financial Globalization (FG).

All variables are cleaned, aligned by year and country, and formatted to allow comparative, longitudinal, and multivariate analyses. The dataset supports wide-ranging applications—from sustainability assessments and green finance modeling to inequality diagnostics and global development forecasting.