Unisexual flowers as a resolution to intralocus sexual conflict in hermaphrodites

In dioecious populations, males and females may evolve different trait values to increase fitness through their respective sexual functions. Because the two sexual functions are expressed by the same individual in hermaphroditic populations, resolving sexual conflict is potentially more difficult. Here, we show that the modularity of plants may allow hermaphrodites to resolve sexual conflict because modules with different genders can promote fitness through their specialized sexual functions by expressing a correspondingly optimal trait value. We analyzed the flowering phenology, sex allocation, and selection gradients on floral traits of flowers of the andromonoecious plant Pulsatilla alpina, which produces both bisexual and male flowers. Our results indicate that strong protogyny prevents early bisexual flowers from profiting from high siring opportunities early in the reproductive season at a time when male flowers are able to achieve high siring success. Andromonoecy therefore resol..., , , # Unisexual flowers as a resolution to intralocus sexual conflict in hermaphrodites

This README file was generated on 2023-11-09 by Kai-Hsiu Chen.

## GENERAL INFORMATION

### Title: Unisexual flowers as a resolution to intralocus sexual conflict in hermaphrodites
proceedings of the royal society B, 2023
### Authors: Kai-Hsiu Chen1 and John R. Pannell1
### Affiliations: Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
### Correspondance: Kai-Hsiu Chen ([e-mail])
### Date of data collection: 2022.5-8
### Location: Solalex, Vaud, Switzerland

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## DATA and R CODES for analyses in the paper
### Pistil availability
R file: Fig.2_Pistil_stamen_availability.R
Data used: Pistil_availability.csv; Pistil_availability_detail.csv; Pistil_availability_onlyB.csv
Output: Figure 2

### Delayed onset
R file: Fig.3_Delayed_onset.R
Data used: Delayed_onset.csv; population....