Molecular and antigen tests, and sample types for diagnosis of COVID-19: a review – Supplementary Tables

Laboratory tests seeking to improve detection of COVID-19 have been widely developed by laboratories
and commercial companies. This review provides an overview of molecular and antigen tests, presents
the sensitivity and specificity for 329 assays that have received US FDA Emergency Use Authorization and
evaluates six sample collection methods – nasal, nasopharyngeal, oropharyngeal swabs, saliva, blood and
stool.Molecular testing is preferred for diagnosis of COVID-19, but negative results do not always rule out
the presence of infection, especially when clinical suspicion is high. Sensitivity and specificity ranged from
88.1 to 100% and 88 to 100%, respectively. Antigen tests may be more easy to use and rapid. However,
they have reported a wide range of detection sensitivities from 16.7 to 85%, which may potentially yield
many false-negative results.

为提升 COVID-19 检测能力，众多实验室及商业企业已广泛开展相关检测方法的研究。本综述对分子检测与抗原检测进行了概述，展示了已获得美国食品药品监督管理局（US FDA）紧急使用授权的 329 项检测方法的灵敏度和特异性，并对六种样本采集方法——鼻拭子、鼻咽拭子、口咽拭子、唾液、血液及粪便——进行了评估。分子检测在 COVID-19 诊断中占据首选地位，然而，阴性结果并不总能排除感染的可能，尤其是当临床疑虑较高时。检测的灵敏度和特异性范围分别为 88.1% 至 100% 和 88% 至 100%。抗原检测或许更易于操作且快速，但已有报道指出其检测灵敏度波动于 16.7% 至 85% 之间，可能产生大量假阴性结果。