Single-cell RNA analyses of cattle PBMC

Comprehensive analyses of tissues at the single-cell level will benefit our understanding of genetic bases for complex traits. We performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analyses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from Holstein cattle, investigating their cell types and responses to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment in vitro. The responses to LPS treatment include innate immunity activation of monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells, as well as B cell proliferation. The innate immunity responses are featured with CCL2 and CXCL2 proinflammatory cytokines. We detected trait-relevant cell types and found that DEGs induced by LPS were significantly associated with many complex traits of economic value in Holstein. Overall design: Four samples from cattle PBMC