THE ROLE OF PERI-IMPLANT MICROBIOTA IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF PERI-IMPLANTITIS

Peri-implantitis is a common complication in modern implant dentistry, characterized by inflammation of peri-implant tissues and progressive alveolar bone loss. Recent studies highlight the crucial role of peri-implant microbiota in disease initiation and progression. Pathogenic microorganisms, particularly Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, and Treponema denticola, form biofilms on implant surfaces, triggering inflammatory responses and contributing to tissue destruction. The interaction between microbial communities and the host immune system determines the severity and progression of peri-implantitis. Understanding the microbial composition and dynamics around implants is essential for early diagnosis, preventive strategies, and targeted therapeutic interventions. Microbiota-based management approaches, including mechanical debridement, antimicrobial therapy, surface modifications, and emerging probiotic strategies, can significantly enhance implant longevity and clinical outcomes. Continuous research in this field provides critical insights for improving implant success rates and reducing peri-implantitis incidence.