Farm Household Level Inventory and Cost Data of Sorghum Production System in India

This dataset comprises cross sectional farm household survey data on sorghum cultivation collected jointly by the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) and the Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS) to generate farm-level inventory and economic data for analysis of sorghum production systems in India. The data were collected through two independent seasonal surveys covering Rabi (post-monsoon/dry season) sorghum in 2020–2021 (n = 255) and Kharif (monsoon/rainy season) sorghum in 2022 (n = 209), conducted in different sorghum-growing districts of Maharashtra, India. The dataset consists of four Excel spreadsheets: for Rabi 2020–2021, one inventory data file capturing farm- and plot-level information on cultivation practices, input use (seed, fertilizer, manure, pesticides), machinery, labor, energy use, yields, irrigation, and residue management, and one technology cost data file documenting costs of cultivation, revenues, and prices; and similarly, for Kharif 2022, one inventory data file and one technology cost data file containing the corresponding information. The surveys were administered using structured, pre-tested questionnaires, which are included with the dataset, and variable descriptions, units, and coding schemes are provided as separate sheets within the Excel files. The dataset was developed to support life-cycle assessment–based estimation of greenhouse gas emissions, production costs, and farmer benefits, and to enable scenario-based evaluation of sorghum production practices, including nitrogen management and biological nitrification inhibition (BNI)–enabled sorghum.