DataSheet_1_Prevalence of somatic diseases in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in Japan is highest in people aged ≥40 years with mental disorders: a cross-sectional study of a Japanese health insurance claims database.docx

IntroductionStudies have reported an association between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and somatic diseases; however, the correlation of mental disorders with the association between ADHD and somatic diseases remains uninvestigated. This study investigated and compared the prevalence of somatic diseases among adults with/without ADHD, stratified by the presence or absence of mental disorders.MethodsThis cross-sectional study (October 2020–September 2021), using data (June 2013–September 2021) from a Japanese health insurance claims database, included adult participants with a medical record of and receiving medication for ADHD (ADHD group); the control group (matched 1:5 by age/sex) comprised participants without ADHD. The prevalence and odds ratio (OR; ADHD versus control) of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), diabetes complications, hypertension, cardiovascular disease (CVD), dyslipidemia, gout and hyperuricemia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease/non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NAFLD/NASH), and atopic dermatitis were investigated. Pooled ORs for stratified analysis were calculated using the Mantel-Haenszel method.ResultsIn the matched analysis sets, the ORs for all somatic diseases were significantly higher for the ADHD group (n=15,028) versus the control group (n=74,796). On stratified analysis, the Mantel-Haenszel ORs were significant for NAFLD/NASH (1.53; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.34, 1.73), diabetes complications (1.39; 95% CI: 1.09, 1.77), and gout and hyperuricemia (1.34; 95% CI: 1.19, 1.51). Furthermore, the stratum-specific ORs for T2DM, hypertension, and dyslipidemia were >1 and

研究文献指出，注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）与躯体疾病之间存在关联；然而，精神障碍与ADHD与躯体疾病之间关联的相关性尚未得到探讨。本研究旨在调查并比较患有/未患有ADHD的成年人中躯体疾病的患病率，并按是否存在精神障碍进行分层。方法：本项横断面研究（2020年10月至2021年9月），利用来自日本医疗保险索赔数据库的数据（2013年6月至2021年9月），纳入了具有ADHD医疗记录并接受ADHD药物治疗（ADHD组）的成年参与者；对照组（按年龄/性别匹配1:5）由无ADHD的参与者组成。调查了2型糖尿病（T2DM）、糖尿病并发症、高血压、心血管疾病（CVD）、血脂异常、痛风和高尿酸血症、慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）、非酒精性脂肪性肝病/非酒精性脂肪性肝炎（NAFLD/NASH）和特应性皮炎的患病率和比值比（OR；ADHD组与对照组相比）。使用Mantel-Haenszel方法计算分层分析的汇总OR值。结果：在匹配分析集中，与对照组（n=74,796）相比，ADHD组（n=15,028）所有躯体疾病的OR值均显著升高。在分层分析中，Mantel-Haenszel OR值对NAFLD/NASH（1.53；95%置信区间[CI]：1.34, 1.73）、糖尿病并发症（1.39；95% CI：1.09, 1.77）和痛风及高尿酸血症（1.34；95% CI：1.19, 1.51）均有统计学意义。此外，T2DM、高血压和血脂异常的层析特定OR值均大于1。