An Integrated Analysis of Single-Cell and Spatial Transcriptomics Identifies Key Signaling Pathways Governing Merkel Cell Generation

In this study, we utilized an integrated analytical approach combining single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and spatial transcriptomics to investigate the developmental process of Merkel cells (MCs). scRNA-seq provides resolution at the individual cell level, enabling the identification of cellular heterogeneity and distinct cell states within a population. Spatial transcriptomics, on the other hand, preserves the original spatial positioning of cells within the tissue, allowing for the analysis of gene expression patterns within their authentic tissue context. By integrating these two complementary technologies, we successfully identified key signaling pathways associated with Merkel cell formation. Specifically, our analysis revealed that IGF1R is a potential regulator of MC generation, likely mediating its effects through the AKT signaling pathway. Furthermore, the study validated the important functional role of FGFR2 signaling in MC generation. This integrated analytical platform, combining single-cell and spatial transcriptomic data, provides a powerful technical foundation for gaining deeper insights into the biology of Merkel cells, the mechanisms of skin development, and for advancing stem cell research and disease modeling.