Altered gut microbiota and the effect on inflammation in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension

The pathogenesis of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is considered to be associated with chronic inflammation; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Recently, altered gut microbiota (dysbiosis) were found in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and experimental PAH models. The aim of this study was to characterize the gut microbiota of patients with CTEPH and to assess the relationship between the gut dysbiosis and the inflammation in CTEPH.