Minimizing Data Loss in Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) - Experiments data

Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) is a preferred wireless protocol for Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) due to its low energy consumption and wide adoption. However, when BLE is accessed via the Web Bluetooth API, it faces challenges such as packet loss, limited control over connection parameters, and restricted throughput.This thesis aims to evaluate the reliability of BLE communication using the Web Bluetooth API and to propose application-layer solutions to reduce packet loss, improve latency, and maintain stable long-term connections in industrial monitoring contexts.An empirical experimental approach was used, involving three sequential experiments that tested different BLE configurations. These included the use of parallel transmission modules, varying data transmission intervals, and timestamp-based packet handling. Performance metrics such as packet loss and jitter were analyzed.Results showed that using two BLE modules in parallel reduced packet loss to zero and minimized jitter. A transmission interval of 2 Hz provided the best trade-off between performance and stability across all packet sizes. Application layer strategies improved connection reliability without requiring hardware level changes.The study shows that BLE communication over the Web Bluetooth API can be stabilized through application-level techniques, enabling real-time and reliable IIoT data transmission with now hardware modification needed.