User perception for the adoption of chatbots

Artificial intelligence has gained significant attention in education, and the chatbot is one of thelatest additions to its list. Students need to adopt the ability with the rapid evolution of onlineplatforms to thrive in this dynamic environment. It is crucial to know the acceptance of Chatbotssuch as Chat Generative Pretrained Transformer (ChatGPT), Google Bard, and others, whichutilize the Large Language Model (LLM), to know its effectiveness, learning outcomes, andattitude towards them among the students. Through Partial Least Squares Structural EquationModeling (PLS-SEM) by considering the Technology Readiness Index (TRI) and TechnologyAcceptance Model (TAM), this research work's main goal is to examine the factors thatinfluence chatbot adoption in higher education among students.

人工智能在教育领域受到了广泛关注，而聊天机器人则是其最新涌现的代表之一。随着在线平台迅猛发展，学生需适应这一动态环境，培养相应的能力以实现繁荣。了解诸如Chat Generative Pretrained Transformer（ChatGPT）、Google Bard等聊天机器人（如Chatbot）的接受程度，对于掌握其有效性、学习成果以及学生对之的态度至关重要。本研究旨在通过考虑技术成熟度指数（Technology Readiness Index, TRI）和技术接受模型（Technology Acceptance Model, TAM）的偏最小二乘结构方程模型（Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling, PLS-SEM），探讨影响高等教育中学生接受聊天机器人的因素。