Finnish Opinions on Security Policy and National Defence 2015

The annual survey charted Finnish public opinion on foreign policy, defence policy, security, military alliances, military service, and international armed conflicts at the time of the survey. Some questions charted asylum policy and views on factors affecting safety and security. Opinions were charted on the success of foreign policy in the previous few years, funds allocated to the Defence Forces, whether Finland should resort to armed defence in case of any sort of attack, and how the global security situation would develop in the next five years. The respondents' readiness to participate in defending Finland in case of attack were queried. Views were probed on the current, conscription-based defence system and whether women should also participate in conscription. The respondents were asked whether Finland should form military alliances and whether Finland should apply for NATO membership. Concern caused by certain phenomena and issues was charted, such as the economic situation in Europe, global warming, proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, international terrorism, cybercrime, increase in the number of asylum-seekers, situation in Ukraine, and religious extremist groups. Some questions pertained to issues affecting the safety and security of Finland. These included, among others, Finland's EU membership, potential NATO membership, participation in the EU defence and in international crisis management, and military non-alignment. Satisfaction with defence policy in the previous few years was investigated. Views were charted on Finnish military cooperation in the EU, with NATO and with other Nordic countries. Opinions were probed on the possibility of a military threat against Finland in the following 10 years as well as Finland's chances to defend itself against an enemy in conventional warfare. The respondents were asked what their idea of the military tasks of the Finnish Defence Forces were (e.g. defending the territorial integrity of Finland, participating in the defence of the EU). Views were studied on Finland's preparedness for the prevention of various security threats, such as armed threat, infectious diseases and epidemics, environmental hazards, uncontrolled immigration, political pressure from other states, economic crisis, terrorism, and attacks against information systems and networks. The respondents were asked how Russia's actions affected/would affect Finland's security. Finally, opinions were charted on the increasing numbers of asylum-seekers in Finland and other European countries, the need for joint immigration and asylum policy in the EU, and how well Finland and the EU had prepared for the increasing number of asylum-seekers. Background variables included, among others, the respondent's gender, age, economic activity and occupational status, marital status, occupation of the household head, household composition, ages of children living at home, gross annual income of the household, newspaper reading habits, level of education, consumer durables in the household, type of accommodation, region of residence, number of inhabitants in the municipality of residence, Internet use, and political party choice in the previous parliamentary elections.

本年度调查描绘了芬兰民众在调查时期对外交政策、国防政策、安全、军事同盟、兵役制度以及国际武装冲突等方面的公众意见。部分问题涉及庇护政策及影响安全与稳定的因素。调查记录了民众对过去几年外交政策成功度的看法、国防经费的分配、芬兰在遭受任何形式攻击时应否采取武装防御，以及对未来五年全球安全形势发展的预测。调查还询问了受访者若芬兰遭受攻击时，其参与保卫芬兰的准备情况。对现行的基于征兵制度的国防体系以及女性是否也应参与征兵的意见进行了探讨。受访者被问及芬兰是否应建立军事同盟，以及是否应申请加入北约。调查记录了某些现象和问题引起的担忧，例如欧洲的经济状况、全球变暖、大规模杀伤性武器的扩散、国际恐怖主义、网络犯罪、难民人数的增加、乌克兰局势以及宗教极端主义组织。一些问题涉及影响芬兰安全与稳定的问题，包括芬兰的欧盟成员国身份、潜在的北约成员国身份、参与欧盟国防和国际危机管理以及军事不结盟政策。对过去几年国防政策的满意度进行了调查。对芬兰在欧盟、北约以及其他北欧国家之间的军事合作意见进行了探讨。调查了未来十年芬兰面临军事威胁的可能性，以及芬兰在常规战争中对敌防御的机会。受访者被问及其对芬兰国防军军事任务的看法（例如，保卫芬兰领土完整，参与欧盟防御）。对芬兰预防各种安全威胁（如武装威胁、传染病和流行病、环境危害、无序移民、来自其他国家的政治压力、经济危机、恐怖主义以及对信息系统和网络攻击）的准备情况进行了研究。受访者还被问及俄罗斯的行动如何影响/将如何影响芬兰的安全。最后，调查了芬兰及其他欧洲国家难民数量增加、欧盟联合移民和庇护政策的需求，以及芬兰和欧盟为应对难民数量增加所做的准备情况。背景变量包括受访者的性别、年龄、经济活动与职业状况、婚姻状况、户主职业、家庭构成、居住在家中的子女年龄、家庭毛年收入、报纸阅读习惯、教育水平、家庭耐用消费品、住宿类型、居住地区、居住市的居民数量、互联网使用情况，以及上次议会选举中的政党选择。