ANATOMY OF SEGMENTAL RENAL ARTERIES AND THEIR SURGICAL SIGNIFICANCE

This thesis is devoted to the anatomy of segmental renal arteries and their surgical significance. The thesis examines the origin, branching pattern, distribution, and anatomical variability of segmental arteries supplying the kidney. Special attention is given to the vascular segmentation of the renal parenchyma and to the fact that segmental arteries function as end arteries with minimal anastomoses. The study emphasizes that interruption of blood flow in a segmental branch may result in ischemia of a limited renal area, which explains the practical importance of these vessels in surgery. The thesis also discusses the role of segmental renal arteries in partial nephrectomy, renal transplantation, treatment of renal trauma, and modern radiological diagnostics. It is concluded that detailed knowledge of segmental arterial anatomy is essential for organ-preserving operations, prevention of surgical complications, and maintenance of renal function.