<b>Designing for Well-Being: Exploring Older Adults’ Preferences in Community Green Space Design</b>

Amid rapid urbanization and population aging, the age-friendly design of community green spaces is pivotal in enhancing older adults’ quality of life and fostering cultural ecosystem services and social harmony. Community green spaces provide recreational environments, promote neighborhood interactions, and significantly contribute to improving community well-being. This study explores the optimization of age-friendly designs for community green spaces, aiming to offer insights for urban planners and stakeholders. Findings reveal that many public green spaces fail to adequately address older adults’ needs, limiting their usage due to insufficient age-friendly features. Innovatively, this research integrates older adults’ sense of well-being into the design framework of community green spaces. Through surveys and case studies, we collected data on users’ perceptions of age-friendly designs and employed structural equation modeling to analyze the factors influencing well-being. The results indicate that: (1) the integration of digital technologies and accessibility design has the most significant impact on older adults’ well-being, with digital tools enhancing the convenience and safety of green space usage; (2) social interaction and functional designs also exhibit significant positive effects, demonstrating that open activity spaces and well-designed, accessible rest areas substantially improve older adults’ sense of belonging and comfort; (3) safety-oriented design shows a weaker influence on well-being, suggesting a need to further explore the cognitive structure of “safety” perceptions.伴随快速城市化进程与人口老龄化趋势，社区绿地（community green spaces）的适老化设计（age-friendly design）对于提升老年群体生活品质、培育文化生态系统服务（cultural ecosystem services）以及促进社会和谐至关重要。社区绿地能够为居民打造休闲娱乐场景，推动邻里社交互动，对提升社区整体福祉亦具有显著贡献。本研究聚焦社区绿地适老化设计的优化方向，旨在为城市规划者与利益相关方提供针对性的决策参考。研究发现，当前多数公共绿地未能充分满足老年群体的实际需求，因适老化设施供给不足，限制了老年群体的使用意愿与实际参与度。本研究的创新之处在于，将老年群体的福祉感知纳入社区绿地的设计框架。通过问卷调查与案例研究相结合的方式，本研究收集了用户对适老化设计的感知数据，并采用结构方程模型（structural equation modeling）对影响福祉的各类因素展开分析。研究结果表明：(1) 数字技术与无障碍设计的融合对老年群体福祉的影响最为显著，数字工具可有效提升绿地使用的便捷性与安全性；(2) 社交互动与功能设计同样展现出显著的正向影响，证明开放式活动空间与设计合理、可达性强的休憩区域能够大幅增强老年群体的归属感与舒适感；(3) 安全导向型设计对福祉的影响相对较弱，这提示后续需进一步探索老年群体对“安全”感知的认知结构。