Advances in the study of Siglec-15 in tumors

Siglec-15 is a newly identified target for immune normalization in recent years. It inhibits the proliferation of cytotoxic CD8+T cells and promotes the differentiation of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in tumors, thereby suppressing the tumor immune microenvironment and promoting tumor migration, invasion, and metastasis. Siglec-15, as a new target in the field of cancer immunotherapy, has tumor immune regulatory function and a different mechanism of action from PD-L1, especially in anti-PD-1/PD-L1 resistant patients with potential clinical value. This article provides an overview of the structure of Siglec-15 and its expression, mechanism of action, biological functions, prognostic value in tumors, as well as the research progress of anti-Siglec-15 antibodies in tumor treatment, aiming to explore the potential clinical value of Siglec-15 in tumor therapy, especially immunotherapy.