Ranking of candidate N-mixture (abundance = N) and Robust Design (survival = S) models for red-backed salamanders in harvested aspen stands in the northern Lower Peninsula of Michigan, USA, 2010–2011.

aΔAICc = difference from the Akaike's Information Criterion (AIC) best model, adjusted for small sample size, w = AICc model weight, K = no. of parameters, −2l = twice the negative log-likelihood.bBeta estimates for abundance covariates CANOPY and CWD with 95% CI in parentheses.