轴承钢服役中不同类型微观组织退化行为的微观特征及控制因素的研究报告

轴承是传递旋转载荷的一类重要工程构件。为了应对日益严苛的服役要求，高碳马氏体轴承钢被广泛应用于高接触载荷、高速转体以及高温环境。对滚动轴承而言，滚动接触疲劳（RCF）是其主要失效模式，其损坏的正常形式是疲劳剥落。RCF引发的失效主要有2类：表面诱发和次表面诱发。表面诱发的滚动接触疲劳多造成滚道表面局部区域形成麻点、发生小片金属剥落，而次表面诱发的滚动接触疲劳则多导致金属的较大面积剥落。在RCF过程中，轴承材料会受到循环且复杂的接触应力作用(图1)，导致其内部疲劳裂纹萌生与扩展；材料的损伤一旦发生，后续破坏会加速损伤的积累，最终导致轴承失效。而且，次表面诱发的裂纹难以探测，轴承材料在失效前几乎无任何预兆，这种情况会严重威胁轴承部件的安全性和可靠性。

Bearings are a critical type of engineering component that transmits rotational loads. To meet increasingly stringent service requirements, high-carbon martensitic bearing steels are widely used in applications involving high contact loads, high-speed rotation, and high-temperature environments. For rolling bearings, rolling contact fatigue (RCF) is the primary failure mode, and the typical form of its damage is fatigue spalling. RCF-induced failures are mainly divided into two categories: surface-initiated and subsurface-initiated. Surface-initiated RCF mostly causes pitting formation and small-scale metal spalling in local areas of the raceway surface, while subsurface-initiated RCF typically leads to large-area metal spalling. During the RCF process, bearing materials are subjected to cyclic and complex contact stresses (Figure 1), which triggers the initiation and propagation of internal fatigue cracks. Once material damage occurs, subsequent deterioration will accelerate the accumulation of damage, eventually resulting in bearing failure. Moreover, subsurface-initiated cracks are difficult to detect, and bearing materials exhibit almost no prior warning signs before failure, which seriously threatens the safety and reliability of bearing components.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集是一份关于轴承钢在服役过程中微观组织退化行为的研究报告，由中国科学院金属研究所于2023年发布。报告聚焦高碳马氏体轴承钢的滚动接触疲劳（RCF）失效机制，详细分析了表面诱发和次表面诱发两类退化行为的微观特征及控制因素，旨在提高轴承的安全性和可靠性。数据集以受限访问形式提供，包含一份报告文件，适用于金属材料和机械工程领域的研究。