Habitat development may affect wildlife behavior, favoring individuals or behaviors that cope better with perceived threats (predators). Bolder behaviors in human-dominated habitats (HDH; e.g., urban
Predation is a critical ecological process that alters the structure and functioning of ecosystems through density-mediated and trait-mediated effects on lower trophic levels. Although studies have fo
In the coevolution of predator and prey, different and less well understood rules for threat-assessment apply to freely suspended organisms than to substrate-dwelling ones. Particularly vulnerable are
