Data used for ecological network construction and simulation

1.Land use data was derived from the 2023 version of SinoLC-1. Based on mainstream large-scale land cover classification systems and Chinese landscape characteristics, the SinoLC-1 classification system defines 11 land cover types: Arbor cover, Shrubland, Grassland, Cropland, Buildings, Transportation routes, Sparse or barren vegetation, Ice and snow, Water, Wetlands, and Mosses and lichens. In this study, “Buildings” and “Transportation routes” were aggregated into the category of Built-up areas, “Cropland” was categorized as Cropland, “Arbor cover” and “Shrubland” were combined into Forest, “Grassland” remained as Grassland, and “Water” and “Wetlands” were merged into Water bodies. “Sparse or barren vegetation” was categorized as Unused land, while “Ice and snow” and “Mosses and lichens” were not present in the study area and thus were excluded from analysis.2.Road data, including railways, expressways, national highways, and major urban roads, were incorporated for both habitat quality evaluation and resistance surface construction.3.The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was utilized in the construction of the resistance surface.4.Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data were also employed to construct the resistance surface.5.The coded data were used to simulate cascading failures.